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Ghana had a murder rate of 1.68 per 100,000 population in 2011. In 2011, Forbes magazine, published that Ghana was ranked the eleventh most friendly country in the world. [25] Prior to Akan contact with Europeans, the Akan people created an advanced economy based on principally gold and gold bar commodities then traded with the states of Africa. Après les élections législatives de 1956, le CPP remporta les trois quarts des sièges. Le cycle éducatif ghanéen est divisé en trois parties[16] : l'éducation de base, le cycle secondaire et le cycle tertiaire. [229], The top ten causes of death in Ghana in 2018 were:[229], Crime in Ghana is investigated by the Ghana Police Service. The Ibrahim Index is a comprehensive measure of African government, based on a number of different variables which reflect the success with which governments deliver essential political goods to its citizens. Google has many special features to help you find exactly what you're looking for. It also has up to 1.7×1011 cubic metres (6×10^12 cu ft) of natural gas in reserves,[138] which is the sixth largest in Africa and the 49th largest natural gas proven reserves in the world. [268], Press freedoms were restored in 1992, and after the election in 2000 of John Agyekum Kufuor the tensions between the private media and government decreased. Ghana - Ghana - Religion: More than one-half of the population is Christian, about one-fifth is Muslim, and a small segment adheres to the traditional indigenous religions. [200], Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, the second university to be established in the country, is the premier university of science and technology in Ghana and West Africa.[180]. The CanSat was deployed 200 metres (660 feet) high from a helium-filled balloon and took some aerial images as well as temperature readings. [196], Ghana has a growing number of accredited private universities including Lancaster University, Ghana, Ghana Technology University College, Ashesi University College, Methodist University College Ghana, Central University College, Accra Institute of Technology, Regent University College of Science and Technology, Valley View University, Catholic University College, Presbyterian University College and Zenith University College. [57][58] Mills died of natural causes and was succeeded by vice-president John Dramani Mahama on 24 July 2012. India claims some northern areas (hatched) while other areas are controlled by India but challenged by other countries. The private press often carries criticism of government policy. L'Église de Lippe est une église calviniste régionale, qui comporte toutefois une minorité luthérienne en raison de son histoire particulière et qui a adhéré à la fois à l'Église évangélique en Allemagne et à l'Alliance réformée allemande. Les pays voisins connaissent la même situation, car ils eurent aussi une période de colonisation portugaise, surtout sur la côte du golfe de Guinée. [282] Ghanaian athletes have won a total of four Olympics medals in thirteen appearances at the Summer Olympics, three in boxing, and a bronze medal in association football, and thus became the first country on the Africa continent to win a medal at association football.[283]. [95] "The new sustainable development goals adopted by the United Nations call for the international community to come together to promote the rule of law; support equal access to justice for all; reduce corruption; and develop effective, accountable, and transparent institutions at all levels. Il est renversé le 24 février 1966, alors qu'il est en voyage en Chine, par un coup d’État militaire. Son roi, l’Asantehene, est peut-être la personne la plus révérée dans la partie centrale du pays. [288], Ghana has museums that show a in-depth look at specific Ghanaian regions, there are a number of museums that provide insight into the traditions and history of their own geographical area in Ghana. [210][211] In 2013, there was a mass deportation of illegal miners, more than 4,000 of them Chinese nationals. Title: Africa a Voyage of Discovery with Basil Davidson, Language: English Type: Documentary Year: 1984 Length: 114 min. Dans le sud du pays, de nombreux habitants ont des noms d'origine portugaise, car le sud du pays eut de nombreux comptoirs portugais et a connu la colonisation. By law, visitors entering Ghana must be able to produce a yellow fever vaccination certificate. Following over a century of native resistance, what are now Ghana's borders follow the lines of what were four separate British colonial territories: Gold Coast, Ashanti, the Northern Territories and British Togoland. Senior high schools were subsidised by the government until September 2017/2018 academic year that senior high education became free. [250] Internationally acclaimed Ghanaian-British designer Ozwald Boateng introduced African print suits in his 2012 collection.[251]. Ghana hat insgesamt ein flaches Relief, das nur an wenigen Stellen Höhen von 900 Metern erreicht. Ces derniers se lancèrent alors dans la colonisation de territoires situés à l'intérieur des terres, et notamment de l'Ashanti (Asante). [31] The death of Naa Gbewaa caused civil war among his children, some of whom broke off and founded separate states including Dagbon, Mamprugu, Mossi, Nanumba and Wala. [169], Ghana's intention to become the information technology hub of West Africa has led the government of Ghana to enact cyber crime legislation and enhance cyber security practices. [168], Ghana's annual space exploration expenditure has been 1% of its gross domestic product (GDP), to support research in science and technology. [97], In 1957, the Ghana Armed Forces (GAF) consisted of its headquarters, support services, three battalions of infantry and a reconnaissance squadron with armoured vehicles. [118] Urban areas hold greater opportunity for employment, particularly in informal trade, while nearly all (94 percent) of rural poor households participate in the agricultural sector.[119]. En football le Ghana, lors de la Coupe du monde de football 2010, atteint les quarts de finale ; il est opposé à l'Uruguay qui l'emporte aux tirs au but. [183], Ghana has a free education 6-year primary school education system beginning at age six,[192] and, under the educational reforms implemented in 1988 and reformed in 2007, they pass on to a 3-year junior high school system. Clockwise from top: Downtown Chicago, the Chicago Theatre, the 'L', Navy Pier, Millennium Park, the Field Museum, and Willis Tower. [92] Ghana retains and exercises the death penalty for treason, corruption, robbery, piracy, drug trafficking, rape, and homicide. [269] The Ghanaian media has been described as "one of the most unfettered" in Africa, operating with little restriction. [25][26] By the early 11th century, the Akans were firmly established in the Akan state called Bonoman, for which the Brong-Ahafo Region is named. [158] Previously in 2012, the country ranked 64 and scored 45. Additionally, there are eleven languages that have the status of government-sponsored languages: Of these, Akan is the most widely spoken. Il partage des frontières avec la Côte d'Ivoire à l'ouest, le Togo à l'est et le Burkina Faso au nord. En 2012, environ 2,4 cedis sont équivalents à un euro. Spanning a land mass of 238,535 km2 (92,099 sq mi), Ghana is bordered by the Ivory Coast in the west, Burkina Faso in the north, Togo in the east, the Gulf of Guinea and the Atlantic Ocean in the south. Those continuing must complete the 4-year senior high school programme (which has been changed to three years) and take an admission exam to enter any university or tertiary programme. Etwa die Hälfte des Landes liegt unterhalb einer Höhe von 150 Metern. Since then, its status has progressively been updated to a mandatory language in every high school. This is expected to negatively affect both farming and fisheries. Le Ghana a longtemps été le premier producteur mondial de cacao (plus de 1,6 million d'hectares de plantations villageoises) avant d'être largement dépassé par son voisin la Côte d'Ivoire, qui représente aujourd'hui une récolte de plus du double. La culture ghanéenne est riche en festivals de toutes sortes, particulièrement au moment des Fêtes de l’Indépendance, le 6 mars, mais aussi tout au long de l’année. Un premier pas vers une réalisation concrète du panafricanisme est tenté en formant à partir de mai 1959 une union avec la Guinée, rejointe en décembre 1960 par le Mali. It had 29,754 students in 2008. [76], Ghana has a strong relationship with the United States. The state-owned Volta River Authority and Ghana National Petroleum Corporation are the two major electricity producers. [174] Hence, the pupil has the choice between general education (offered by the Senior High School) and vocational education (offered by the technical Senior High School or the Technical and Vocational Institutes). GSSTC and GhsA worked to have a national security observational satellite launched into orbit in 2015. [176] Ghana also possesses numerous colleges of education. 13 % de la population admet à l'Église catholique[réf. Le pays fait partie de la CEDEAO. Les cercueils personnalisés, inventés dans les années 1950, sont également ambassadeurs de la culture ghanéenne contemporaine. Le parc national de Mole, au nord, est la plus grande réserve naturelle du pays, pour les amateurs de safaris à pied ou en voiture. It was chiefly inhabited by the Mande people. Approximately 18.6% of the population of Ghana are Muslim,[19] (51% Sunni, 16% Ahmadiyya, and 8% Shia). [164], Ghana was the first Southern-Saharan African country to launch a cellular mobile network (1992). Local reports have claimed that Ghana loses US$4.5 billion annually from nominal gross domestic product (Nominal GDP) growth as a result of economic corruption and economic crime by the incumbent National Democratic Congress (NDC) government of Ghana led by John Dramani Mahama. Marvel at wild elephants in Mole National Park. 9 Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons", "SOCIAL:EC has done no wrong – Dr Afari-Gyan", "MPs demand 24/7 police security for 275 members", "Ghana: Regions, Major Cities & Urban Localities - Population Statistics in Maps and Charts", "Here are the 10 countries where homosexuality may be punished by death", "Ghana witch camps: Widows' lives in exile", "Is Ghana the next African economic tiger? Le nom colonial de Côte-de-l'Or vient des très nombreuses mines d'or du pays qui, avant d'être exploitées par les colons britanniques, allemands, hollandais et français, étaient abondamment utilisées par l'ethnie ashanti, qui garde la tradition de bijoux en or, tradition qui s'est propagée aussi chez l'ethnie voisine abron. [24], Although the area of present-day Ghana in West Africa has experienced many population movements, the Akans were firmly settled by the 5th century CE. The group of pallbearers were featured in a BBC feature story in 2017, and footage from the story became part of an Internet meme in the wake of the COVID-19 world pandemic.[258]. [242], Banku (akple) is a common Ghanaian starchy food made from ground corn (maize),[242] and cornmeal based staples, kɔmi (kenkey) and banku (akple) are usually accompanied by some form of fried fish (chinam) or grilled tilapia and a very spicy condiment made from raw red and green chillies, onions and tomatoes (pepper sauce). [241], Ghanaian culture is a diverse mixture of the practices and beliefs of many different Ghanaian ethnic groups. [189], The female and male ages 15–24 years literacy rate in Ghana was 81% in 2010, with males at 82%,[190] and females at 80%. Some of these forts are Fort William and Fort Amsterdam. This includes both herbal medicine and work on more advanced applications. Les recherches archéologiques ont montré que l'occupation humaine y est très ancienne aussi bien sur la côte qu'à l'intérieur des terres. Today outside of Africa it is called "Ankara" and it has a client base well beyond Ghana and Africa as a whole. The government largely funds basic education comprising public primary schools and public junior high schools. [193][194], In 2010, there were relatively more females (53.0%) than males (40.5%) with primary school and JSS (junior secondary school) / JHS (junior high school) as their highest level of education. Des fouilles archéologiques attestent que la côte de l'actuel Ghana est habitée dès le début de l'âge du bronze, vers -4000 par des peuples pratiquant la pêche dans les lagons et rivières. [63] Ghana spans an area of 238,535 km2 (92,099 sq mi), and has an Atlantic coastline that stretches 560 kilometres (350 miles) on the Gulf of Guinea in Atlantic Ocean to its south. [198][citation needed] Many universities—including Harvard University, Cornell University, and Oxford University—have special study-abroad programmes with Ghanaian schools and provide their students the opportunity to study abroad at Ghanaian universities. K. D. MEREKU, I. Yidana, W. H. K. HORDZI, I. Tete-Mensah; Williams, J. South Ghana also has mineral deposits of barite, basalt, clay, dolomite, feldspar, granite, gravel, gypsum, iron ore, kaolin, laterite, limestone, magnesite, marble, mica, phosphates, phosphorus, rocks, salts, sand, sandstone, silver, slate, talc, and uranium that are yet to be fully exploited. It can be followed by a one- or two-year master's degree programme, which can be followed by a PhD programme of at least three years. [170] Acting on that goal, in 2008 Ghana passed the Electronic Communications Act and the Electronic Transactions Act, which established the legal framework for governing information technology. The fabrics did not do well in Asia. La langue officielle est l'anglais. [163], John Addo Kufuor, son of former President John Agyekum Kufuor and Kojo Annan, son of former Secretary-General of the United Nations Kofi Annan, have been named in association with the Panama Papers. Ghana is a largely Christian country, although a sizable Muslim minority exists. Før kolonitiden bestod landet af en række kongedømmer.Handel med europæiske lande blomstrede op efter kontakt med portugiserne i det 15. århundrede. [136] Ghana is believed to have up to 5 billion barrels (790,000,000 m3) to 7 billion barrels (1.1×109 m3) of petroleum in reserves,[137] which is the fifth largest in Africa and the 21st to 25th largest proven reserves in the world. [60] Ghana was a stable democracy. B. [10], The first permanent state in the territory of present-day Ghana dates back to the 11th century, the Bono State. In some parts of northern Ghana, there exists what are called witch camps. This is said to house a total of around 1,000 people accused of witchcraft. [296] The country had moved two places up from the 2009 rankings. [78], The Islamic Republic of Iran and the 6th President of Iran, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad met with the 12th President of Ghana, John Dramani Mahama on 16 April 2013 to hold discussions with President John Dramani Mahama on strengthening the Non-Aligned Movement and also co–chair a bilateral meeting between Ghana and Iran at the Ghanaian presidential palace Flagstaff House. Although relatively small in area and population, Ghana is one of the leading countries of Africa and is celebrated for its rich history. [25][29], The earliest known kingdoms to emerge in modern Ghana were the Mole-Dagbani states. [63], The climate of Ghana is tropical, and there are two main seasons: the wet season and the dry season.[67]. Es ist nicht nur der höchste … [56], Nana Akufo-Addo, the ruling party candidate, was defeated in a very close election by John Atta Mills of the National Democratic Congress (NDC) following the Ghanaian presidential election, 2008. Ce chiffre comprend les personnes sachant lire et écrire l'anglais, ce qui montre que la population du Ghana a globalement une bonne connaissance de cette langue occidentale. [245] The original Akan name of the cloth was nsaduaso or nwontoma, meaning "a cloth hand-woven on a loom"; however, "kente" is the most frequently used term today. ", "BoG introduce Chinese Yuan onto the FX market", "Top-Performing African Stock Markets in 2013", "Revolutionizing Transport: Modern Infrastructure, Agriculture and Development in Ghana", "Ghana will reclaim top spot in cocoa production -Prez Mahama", "Ghana's Jubilee oil field nears output plateau -operator", "The Top 5 Countries for ICT4D in Africa", "Ghana's model vehicle unveiled by Suame Magazine artisans", "Ghana's model car attracts Dutch government support", "Ghana leader: Oil reserves at 3B barrels", Ghana Oil Reserves to Be 5 billion barrels (790,000,000 m, "Atuabo gas project to propel more growth", "Ghana now Africa's largest gold producer, but reforms await", "Economic Update – Ghana: Private opportunities in real estate", "Property market faces brighter growth prospects", "Ghana Export Basket in ⁨2017 – The Atlas of Economic Complexity", "IE S'pore opens second Africa office in Ghana", "Annex 1: Political and Administrative System", "Republic of Ghana Country Strategy Paper 2012–2016", "I've been named 'Mr Dumsor' in Ghana – Prez Mahama tells Ghanaians in Germany – See more at", "Ghana's power crisis: What about renewable energy? [245], Contemporary Ghanaian fashion includes traditional and modern styles and fabrics and has made its way into the African and global fashion scene. Ghana favours international and regional political and economic co-operation, and is an active member of the United Nations and the African Union. [37] He became Prime Minister of the Gold Coast in 1952. Ghana competes in the Commonwealth Games, sending athletes in every edition since 1954 (except for the 1986 games). The 2010 census reported that the largest ethnic groups are the Akan (47.3 percent), the Mole-Dagbani (16.6 percent), the Ewe (13.9 percent), the Ga-Dangme (7.4 percent), the Gurma (5.7) and the Guan (3.7 percent). [123] The Ghana Stock Exchange (GSE) was the 2nd best performing stock exchange in sub-saharan Africa in 2013. [5] According to the 2010 census, 71.2% of the population was Christian, 17.6% was Muslim, and 5.2% practised traditional faiths. This included the Ashanti Empire, the Akwamu, the Bonoman, the Denkyira, and the Mankessim Kingdom. Economic Community of West African States, sits at the intersection of three hydro-climatic zones, Transparency International Corruption Perception Index, Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of China, Kofi Annan International Peacekeeping Training Centre, treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons, build the second nuclear power plant in Africa, information and communications technology, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Ghana Space Science and Technology Centre, Commission on Science and Technology for Sustainable Development in the South, municipal, metropolitan, and district assembly, Centre for Scientific Research into Plant Medicine, List of senior secondary schools in Ghana, Advanced Level General Certificate of Education, International General Certificate of Secondary Education, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, University of Professional Studies, Accra, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Regent University College of Science and Technology, Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, International Federation of Football History and Statistics, "Ghana – 2010 Population and Housing Census", "People > Ethnic groups: Countries Compared", "2020 Population Projection by Sex, 2010–2020", "Report for Selected Countries and Subjects", "2010 Population & Housing Census: National Analytical Report", "A Short History of Ashanti Gold Weights", "Bush Praises Strong Leadership of Ghanaian President Kufuor", "5 Things To Know About Ghana's Independence Day", "Of Nkrumah's Political Ideologies: Communism, Socialism, Nkrumaism", "The political and social thought of Kwame Nkrumah", "Ghana: Flight Lieutenant Jerry John Rawlings (J.J Rawlings)", "Opposition leader wins presidency in Ghana", "Ghanaian President John Dramani Mahama sworn in", "What the world media is saying about Ghana's 2016 elections – YEN.COM.GH", "An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm", "Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity - Supplementary Material", "UNDP Climate Change Country Profile: Ghana", "Foreignpolicy.com – Failed States List 2012", "Curbing Corruption and Improving Economic Governance: The Case of Ghana", "Mo Ibrahim Foundation – 2012 Ibrahim Index of African Governance (IIAG)", "Official page of Nations Permanent Mission of Ghana to the United Nations", "Hu Jintao Holds Talks with President of Ghana Mills", Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China, "Visiting senior Chinese official lauds Ghana for political stability, national unity", "Ahmadinejad: Iran's populist and pariah leaves the stage", "Iranian leader Ahmadinejad's West Africa tour defended", "CPP welcomes President Ahmadinejad visit to Ghana", "Ghana welcomed Iran's President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad", "President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad To Visit Ghana", "Iran welcomes expansion of trade ties with Ghana: Vice president", "Contact Details | United Nations in Ghana", "Ghana .:. Près d'un siècle et demi plus tard, c'est donc une société bien différente, et sans doute encore marquée par le chaos qui a frappé les générations précédentes, qui accueille les premiers navires portugais. [79][80][81][82][83] The Government of Ghana reciprocated with an official state visit on 5 August 2013 by the Vice-President of Ghana, Kwesi Amissah-Arthur, who met with the Vice-President of Iran, Eshaq Jahangiri on the basis of autarky and possible bilateral trade at the Islamic Republic of Iran's presidential palace, Sa'dabad Palace. [267] Post-independence, the government and media often had a tense relationship, with private outlets closed during the military governments and strict media laws that prevented criticism of government. Northern Ireland (Irish: Tuaisceart Éireann [ˈt̪ˠuəʃcəɾˠt̪ˠ ˈeːɾʲən̪ˠ] (); Ulster-Scots: Norlin Airlann) is a devolved constituent part of the United Kingdom. The National Liberation Council (NLC) was formed, chaired by Lt. General Joseph A. Un consensus autour de la foi semble unir le pays, l’idée d’athéisme semble inacceptable et même inconcevable[22],[23]. [25] The Mole-Dagomba came on horseback from present-day Burkina Faso under a single leader, Naa Gbewaa. ", "Banyana go down to Ghana in women's Afcon bronze-medal match", "Tawny eagle videos, photos and facts – Aquila rapax", "11 of the world's most unusual surf spots", "We Are Serious About Overcoming The Challenges Confronting Tourism Development", "Visit Ghana | Forts and Castles in Ghana", "Forts and Castles, Volta, Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions", "Forbes: Ghana is eleventh friendliest nation", "Tools to help the LGBTQ community travel more safely | CBC Life", "I'm sharing Ghana's Destination Pride Flag. [242] Banku and tilapia is a combo served in most Ghanaian restaurants. There are many different symbols with distinct meanings, often linked with proverbs. [19] Ghana's growing economic prosperity and democratic political system have made it a regional power in West Africa. La mise en forme de cette section ne suit pas les recommandations concernant la. [156], According to Transparency International's Corruption Perception Index of 2018, out of 180 countries, Ghana was ranked 78th, with a score of 41 on a scale where a 0–9 score means highly corrupt, and a 90–100 score means very clean. L'année scolaire dure généralement du mois d'août à celui de mai. [290] It also has the legend Freedom and Justice. [288], The coat of arms depicts two animals: the tawny eagle (Aquila rapax, a very large bird that lives in the savannas and deserts;[289] 35% of Ghana's landmass is desert, 35% is forest, 30% is savanna) and the lion (Panthera leo, a big cat); a ceremonial sword, a heraldic castle on a heraldic sea, a cocoa tree and a mine shaft representing the industrial mineral wealth of Ghana, and a five-pointed black star rimmed with gold representing the mineral gold wealth of Ghana and the lodestar of the Ghanaian people. Le climat tropical est pluvieux, essentiellement en mai-juin (grande saison des pluies ou hivernage). Édition 2005. Élu en 2000 à la suite de Jerry Rawlings, John Kufuor, membre du Nouveau Parti patriotique avait été réélu pour un second mandat en décembre 2004. Flag. ", "Lessons to be learnt from Ghana's excess electricity shambles", "Impeach Mahama over GYEEDA, SUBAH scandals – Group", "Mahama more committed to fighting corruption than any past president – Apaak", "Mahama committed to fighting corruption – Mornah", "Mahama Fighting Corruption? These are graphically rendered in stylised geometric shapes. [243] In addition to novels, other literature arts such as Ghanaian theatre and poetry have also had a very good development and support at the national level with prominent Ghanaian playwrights and poets Joe de Graft and Efua Sutherland. La passation de pouvoir s'est déroulée le 7 janvier 2009. Adana is located on the 37th parallel north at the northeastern edge of the Mediterranean, where it serves as the gateway to the Cilicia plain. [55] The economy soon declined, so Rawlings negotiated a structural adjustment plan changing many old economic policies, and economic growth soon recovered during the mid-1980s. [91] The Ghana Police Service's Marine Police Unit and Division handles issues that arise from the country's offshore oil and gas industry. [185], Ghana's education system annually attracts a large number of foreign students particularly in the university sector.[186][187]. [56], Winning the 2000 Ghanaian elections, John Agyekum Kufuor of the New Patriotic Party (NPP) was sworn into office as president of Ghana on 7 January 2001, and attained the presidency again in the 2004 Ghanaian elections, thus also serving two terms (the term limit) as president of Ghana and thus marking the first time under the fourth republic that power was transferred from one legitimately elected head of state and head of government to another. Oil and gas exploration off Ghana's eastern coast on the Gulf of Guinea is ongoing, and the amount of both crude oil and natural gas continues to increase. Le Ghana est membre associé de l’Organisation internationale de la francophonie depuis 2006[4] et accorde une place toujours plus importante au français[5]. Surf culture has taken off in the last decade. Moreover, access to freshwater is expected to become more challenging and reduced water supply will have a negative impact on hydropower which provides 54% of the country's electricity capacity. Ghana qualified for the 2010 Winter Olympics, scoring 137.5 International Ski Federation points, within the qualifying range of 120–140 points.

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